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精原干细胞既具有自我更新能力又能分化成精子,是雄性动物中唯一能将遗传信息传递给后代的成体干细胞。它起源于早期胚胎的原始生殖细胞,表达一些相对特异的分子标记,其增殖和分化过程受到许多基因(GDNF、Plzf和c-Kit等)的精确调控。而且最近发现精原干细胞具有很强的可塑性,能在体外诱导为胚胎干细胞样的多能干细胞。精原干细胞研究不仅能促进男性不育治疗的发展,而且在人类再生医学领域具有巨大的应用价值。
Spermatogonial stem cells are both self-renewing and differentiating into spermatozoa, and are the only adult stem cells that can transmit genetic information to offspring in male animals. It originates from the primordial germ cells of early embryos and expresses some relatively specific molecular markers. Its proliferation and differentiation are precisely regulated by many genes (GDNF, Plzf and c-Kit, etc.). Recently, spermatogonial stem cells have been found to have strong plasticity and be induced into embryonic stem cell-like pluripotent stem cells in vitro. Spermatogonial stem cell research can not only promote the development of male infertility treatment, but also has great application value in the field of human regenerative medicine.