In patients with esophageal carcinoma surgical resection remains the standard of curative treatment. For locally advanced tumors (pT1sm–pT3) transthoracic esophagectomy with extended lym- phadenectomy is the standard surgical procedure since it o?ers a complete removal of the primary tumor and possible lymph node metastases. This surgical resection is appropriate for squamous cell but also adenocarcinoma of the esophagus because both histological entities demonstrate a lymphatic spread to the abdominal compartment and the upper mediastinum. In-hospital mortality rates are between 6% and 9%; anastomotic leakage and pulmonary complications mainly contribute to postoperative morbidity. In terms of 5-year survival the transthoracic procedure o?ers a better prognosis compared to the transhiatal resection. 五笔字型计算机汉字输入技术 In patients with esophageal carcinoma surgical resection remains the standard of curative treatment. For locally advanced tumors (pT1sm-pT3) transthoracic esophagectomy with extended lym-phadenectomy is the standard surgical procedure since it o? Ers a complete removal of the primary tumor and possible lymph node metastases. This surgical resection is appropriate for squamous cells but also adenocarcinoma of the esophagus with both histological entities demonstrate a lymphatic spread to the abdominal compartment and the upper mediastinum. In-hospital mortality rates are between 6% and 9%; anastomotic leakage and pulmonary complications mainly contribute to postoperative morbidity. In terms of 5-year survival the transthoracic procedure o? ers a better prognosis compared to the transhiatal resection. 五字 字型 Computer Chinese Character Input Technology