副瘤综合征或称癌伴随综合征(paraneoplasticsyndrome,PNS)是Viallet(1961)最先提出的一个概念,指的是伴发于各种恶性肿瘤的诸多与肿瘤病变本身无关的一组症候群。该症候群是由恶性肿瘤分泌的激素样物质的作用或肿瘤所致的代谢障碍所引起的。其发病机制可分为三类:(1)肿瘤自身产生的有害物质引起的症候群,如类癌综合征等;(2)正常组织遭致肿瘤破坏引起的症候群,如高钙血症等;(3)机制不明的症候群,如肺癌伴发的骨关节病等。研究副瘤综合征的意义在于:(1)在肿瘤尚未暴露之前,倘有本征,可成为早期诊断的线索,从而争取较好的预后;(2)有时本征(如高钙血症)对患者远较肿瘤本身更具有危险性,需予以特殊的治疗;(3)因治疗肿瘤,本征可消失,倘再出现,则 Paopaii syndrome, or paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) is a concept first proposed by Viallet (1961), which refers to a group of syndromes that are not associated with tumor lesions themselves, which are associated with various malignancies. The syndrome is caused by the action of hormone-like substances secreted by malignancies or by metabolic disorders caused by tumors. The pathogenesis can be divided into three categories: (1) the tumor itself caused by harmful substances caused by syndromes, such as carcinoid syndrome; (2) caused by normal tissue damage caused by tumor syndromes, such as hypercalcemia; 3) unknown mechanism of disease, such as bone and joint disease associated with lung cancer. The significance of the study on paraneoplastic syndrome lies in: (1) Before the tumor has been exposed, if there is intrinsic, it can become a clue to early diagnosis, so as to strive for a better prognosis; (2) Sometimes the intrinsic (such as hypercalcemia) The patient is far more dangerous than the tumor itself, requiring special treatment; (3) due to the treatment of cancer, the intrinsic disappear, if reappeared, then