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目的 探讨儿童先天性胫骨假关节(congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia,CPT)不同手术年龄与术后并发症间的关系.方法 回顾性分析2007年12月至2011年10月收治的59例Crawford Ⅳ型CPT患儿的临床资料.根据CPT手术时年龄大小,将其分为小于3岁组(A组,34例)和大于3岁组(B组,25例),比较2组患儿胫骨假关节初期愈合率、再骨折发生率,踝外翻、胫骨外翻和下肢不等长这些后遗畸形的发生情况.结果 A组31例(91.2％)患儿实现初期愈合.其中,7例(22.6％)发生再骨折;14例(45.2％)发生踝外翻,平均踝外翻11.3度(5～25度);13例(41.9％)发生胫骨外翻,胫骨平均外翻8.5度(5～20度);14例(45.2％)存在下肢不等长,平均下肢不等长2.4 cm(0.5～4.0 cm).B组21例(84.0％)患儿实现初期愈合.其中,7例(33.3％)发生再骨折;8例(38.1％)发生踝外翻,平均踝外翻13.8度(5～30度);12例(57.1％)发生胫骨外翻,胫骨平均外翻9.5度(5～20度);16例(76.2％)存在下肢不等长,平均下肢不等长1.8 cm(1～3 cm).B组下肢不等长发生率比A组高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.044).结论 1岁以上CPT患儿一旦形成胫骨假关节,如患儿无严重骨质疏松、营养状况较差等不利条件;即可考虑手术治疗,以减少术后下肢不等长并发症的发生.“,”Objective To explore the relationship of postoperative complications and operative age for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) in children.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the relationship of postoperative complications and operative age for CPT in children.Between December 2007 to October 2011,59 patients with Crawford type Ⅳ CPT undergoing combined operative procedures were analyzed.They were divided into 2 groups,i.e.CPT aged ＜ 3 years (group A) and CPT aged ＞ 3 years (group B) according to operative age.We compared the incidence of re-fracture,ankle valgus,proximal tibial valgus and limb length discrepancy of two groups.Results In group A,31/34 (91.2％) patients achieved primary union,7 (22.6％) cases had refracture,14 (45.2％) cases of ankle valgus had an average ankle valgus of 11.3 (5-25),13 (41.9％) cases of proximal tibial valgus had an average proximal tibial valgus of 8.5 (5-20) and 14 (45.2％) cases had limb length discrepancy with an average limb length of 2.4 (0.5-4.0) cm.In group B,21/25 (84.0％) patients achieved primary union,7 (33.3％) cases had re-fracture,8 (38.1％) cases of ankle valgus had an average ankle valgus of 13.8 (5-30),12 (57.1％) cases of proximal tibial valgus had an average proximal tibial valgus of 9.5 (5-20) and 16 (76.2％) cases of limb length discrepancy had an average limb length of 1.8 (1-3) cm.Significant inter-group differences existed in limb length discrepancy (P =0.044).Conclusions For CPT patients aged above 1 year without no severe osteoporosis and decent nutritional status,surgery should be preformed to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications of limb length discrepancy.