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【Abstract】This essay discusses the equality involved in school enrollment with respect to two phenomena – the school choice by money and the nearby enrollment policy in China. Special attention of discussion will be put on the entry of junior secondary school in China.
【Key words】Equality； Nearby Enrollment； equality； school choice
【作者簡介】吴敬之（1992- ），女，安徽芜湖人，助教，理学硕士，安徽师范大学经济管理学院，研究方向：教育学。
School choice
First， the stratification of schools within a district， within a city， between urban and rural areas might trigger parents or guardians’ pursuit of better schooling. Unbalanced development of education in eastern and western part of China even made the disparity noticeable. Also， there is great discrepancy between state key schools and common schools within a district. State key schools enjoy prestigious reputation and privileged educational resources whereas non-state schools and common schools receive little support year by year； thereby it is reasonable to see that the gap between schools contributed to inevitable demand of choices of best school. Second， since the economic reform in 1978， people’s living standards have raised， and some families have much more disposable income to invest in their children’s education as parents believe that a good education paves way for a better employment and better life （Qin 2002）. Besides， severe competition of employment in China has intensified parents or guardians’ demands in state key schools so as to provide an advantaged condition for their children. Third， the single child family has a strengthened impact on school choice because parents would surly put all their efforts and prospects on this single child with the best school and education they can offer. Fourth， the traditional cultural reason lies in people’s values in believing that elite schools could provide a prestigious social status. In addition， exam oriented education system have reinforced the phenomenon of school choice in China （Lewin et al. 1996）.
Nearby enrollment
The initial task of this policy is to offer convenience and to unburden children’s pressure in taking entrance examinations. In line with this， the basic objective of nearby enrollment policy is reflected in guaranteeing the equal access to junior secondary schools for children in China. For the advocacy of this policy， the absolute majority of China’s cities developed ways of “enrollment by district” and “enrollment at the nearest school” （Wei
【Key words】Equality； Nearby Enrollment； equality； school choice
【作者簡介】吴敬之（1992- ），女，安徽芜湖人，助教，理学硕士，安徽师范大学经济管理学院，研究方向：教育学。
School choice
First， the stratification of schools within a district， within a city， between urban and rural areas might trigger parents or guardians’ pursuit of better schooling. Unbalanced development of education in eastern and western part of China even made the disparity noticeable. Also， there is great discrepancy between state key schools and common schools within a district. State key schools enjoy prestigious reputation and privileged educational resources whereas non-state schools and common schools receive little support year by year； thereby it is reasonable to see that the gap between schools contributed to inevitable demand of choices of best school. Second， since the economic reform in 1978， people’s living standards have raised， and some families have much more disposable income to invest in their children’s education as parents believe that a good education paves way for a better employment and better life （Qin 2002）. Besides， severe competition of employment in China has intensified parents or guardians’ demands in state key schools so as to provide an advantaged condition for their children. Third， the single child family has a strengthened impact on school choice because parents would surly put all their efforts and prospects on this single child with the best school and education they can offer. Fourth， the traditional cultural reason lies in people’s values in believing that elite schools could provide a prestigious social status. In addition， exam oriented education system have reinforced the phenomenon of school choice in China （Lewin et al. 1996）.
Nearby enrollment
The initial task of this policy is to offer convenience and to unburden children’s pressure in taking entrance examinations. In line with this， the basic objective of nearby enrollment policy is reflected in guaranteeing the equal access to junior secondary schools for children in China. For the advocacy of this policy， the absolute majority of China’s cities developed ways of “enrollment by district” and “enrollment at the nearest school” （Wei