《儒林外史》是中国优秀的传统小说作品,其作者吴敬梓是中国清代小说家之一,也是著名的讽刺文学家。这部小说以社会群丑为题材,故事情节虽不按行自抑,但始终相互贯穿,生动的人物性格,鲜明的叙事特征,作者凭借不和谐的人与事进行含蓄而又尖锐的讽刺。作者通过描写小说人物中的悲喜交加来揭示匿伏在滑稽的现实之中的凄凉,深度剖析人性,为读者提供了双重审美。本文重点分析吴敬梓在小说中对道德理想主义的勾画,主要以尊贤养士经典叙事为核心,从正反两个层面探讨其戏拟运用下的讽刺艺术。 “Scholars” is an excellent Chinese traditional novel, whose author Wu Jingzi is one of the novelists in Qing Dynasty in China and is also a famous satirical writer. This novel is based on the theme of social group and ugliness. Although the plot of the story is not self-restraining, the story is always interpenetrated with vivid characters and vivid narrative features. The author makes subtle and sharp satire by disharmony with people and things. By describing the tragedies and the joys and sorrows in the characters of the novels, the author reveals the desolation hidden in the comic realities and analyzes the human nature in depth so as to provide readers with a double aesthetic. This paper focuses on the outline of Wu Jingzi's moral idealism in his novels. The dissertation focuses on the classic narration of virtuous hymnist, and discusses the satirical art under its parody from two aspects.