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目的探讨纳洛酮对中重度急性酒精中毒的治疗作用。方法将昆明理工大学校医院自2007年1月-2010年3月收治的符合急性酒精中毒诊断标准的396例中重度急性酒精中毒患者随机分为两组,治疗组199例,对照组197例。两组动作失调、躁动、语无伦次、眼球震颤、呕吐、嗜睡、昏迷等方面差异无统计学意义具有可比性,对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组用常规治疗加用纳洛酮,纳洛酮首次用量为:兴奋期及共济失调期0.4～0.8 mg,一般无需重复用药。昏睡或昏迷期用纳洛酮0.8 mg,根据病情1 h仍未清醒者,重复使用纳洛酮0.4～0.8 mg直至清醒并准确记录患者清醒时间。结果治疗组清醒时间(150±50)m in,对照组清醒时间(280±70)m in,两组疗效差异显著。结论表明盐酸纳洛酮治疗中重度急性酒精中毒具有显效快、疗程短、疗效确切、副作用少等优点。
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of naloxone on moderate and severe acute alcoholism. Methods A total of 396 patients with moderate to severe acute alcohol poisoning who met diagnostic criteria of acute alcoholism admitted from January 2007 to March 2010 in Kunming University of Science and Technology Hospital were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group (n = 199) and control group (n = 197). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of dyskinesia, restlessness, incoordination, nystagmus, vomiting, drowsiness and coma. The control group was given routine treatment. The treatment group was treated with naloxone and naloxone for the first time As: excitement and ataxia period 0.4 ~ 0.8 mg, generally do not need to repeat medication. Drowsiness or coma with naloxone 0.8 mg, according to the disease is still not awake 1 h, repeated use of naloxone 0.4 ~ 0.8 mg until awake and accurately record the patient awake time. Results The awake time (150 ± 50) m in the treatment group and the awake time (280 ± 70) in the control group were significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions show that naloxone hydrochloride in the treatment of moderate to severe acute alcoholism has the advantages of fast onset, short course, definite curative effect and few side effects.