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马王堆一号汉墓出土的瑟,是现已发现的唯一完整的西汉初期的瑟(后简称“汉瑟”)。它有四个系弦的“枘”、三条尾岳、一条首岳和二十五根弦(图一)。据不完全统计,解放前后春秋战国时期楚墓出土的瑟共十六具(后简称“楚瑟”)。其中绝大多数的形制与此具汉瑟完全相同,但都残缺不全,柱位也不详,无从考察其调弦。而此具汉瑟保存情况相当良好,不仅完整无缺,而且二十五弦俱存,柱位也此较清楚,因而它为研究周汉时期瑟的调弦提供了颇为难能可贵的实物资料。本文拟就此具汉瑟及一些楚瑟的调弦做些初步探索。
The unearthed Joseph of Mawangdui Han Tomb is the only one that has been found in the early Western Han Dynasty (hereinafter referred to as “Hanser”). It has four chord “枘”, three tail Yue, a first Yue and twenty-five strings (Figure 1). According to incomplete statistics, a total of 16 Sequoias (hereinafter referred to as “Chu Se”) were excavated from the Chu tomb in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Most of them are exactly the same shape as Hanse, but they are both incomplete and incomplete. They can not investigate their tuning. This Hanse save was quite good, not only intact, but also the twenty-five strings of the remaining positions are also clearer, so it provides a rather commendable physical data for the study of Zhou Han Dynasty Joseph tuning. This article is intended to do some preliminary exploration of Hansen and some Chuser’s tuning.