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An exhaustive analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation over an oil-covered sea surface in an evaporation duct environment is studied in comparison with those of the oil-free sea surface.Instead of using the traditional rms height formula,which only considers the oil-free sea surface,we reduce the rms height of a one-dimensional oilcovered sea surface based on the Pierson-Moskowitz sea spectrum.Then,the electromagnetic wave propagation over the oil-covered sea surface in an evaporation duct environment with different wind speeds and frequencies is discussed by the parabolic equation for a fully oil-covered sea surface.In addition,the influence of the fractional filling factor on the electromagnetic wave propagation over non-fully oil-covered sea surface is also investigated.The results show that the oil film can reduce the sea surface roughness and strengthen the trapping effect in an evaporation duct environment.