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一、问题的提出复合词由两个有概念意义的单音实词作为词素组合而成,这使复合词的结构具有一定的层次性和复杂性。复合词的结构可以分为形式结构和语义结构,形式结构是对复合词的构造形式进行分析,二般将复合词分为并列、偏正、动宾、补充、主谓、重叠等结构类别;语义结构是通过复合词形式表达出来的意义结构。已有众多的学者对复合词的形式结构作出了细致的描写和解释,但对于语义结构的分析尚未进行深入的探讨,本文的研究将立足于语义结构范围内进行。复合词的词义是人的主观世界与客观世界相互作用的产物,同时又与词本身的形式结构、系统联系和使用功能密切相关。复合词需要通过不同的词素组合形式,才能表达出丰富的意义内涵,我们发现,由词素组合形式显现出来的意义有时与复合词所要表达的意义之间并不一致。例如:股肱,“股”为大腿,“肱”指上臂,两个构
First, the problem put forward Compound words from the two conceptual monophonic real words as a combination of morphemes, which makes the compound word structure has a certain level of complexity. The structure of compound words can be divided into formal structure and semantic structure. The formal structure is the analysis of the construction forms of compound words. Generally, the compound words are divided into structural categories such as parallelism, partiality, moving object, supplement, main and superposition, and overlap. The semantic structure is The meaning of the structure expressed in the form of compound words. Many scholars have elaborated and explained the formal structure of the compound words. However, the analysis of the semantic structure has not yet been discussed in depth. The research of this paper will be based on the semantic structure. The meanings of the compound words are the product of the interaction between the subjective world and the objective world, at the same time they are closely related to the formal structure, the system connection and the use of the word itself. Compound words need to pass through different combinations of morphemes in order to express a rich meaning, we found that the meaning of morpheme combinations sometimes appear and the meaning of compound words are not consistent. For example: Unit brachial, “stock ” for the thigh, “brachial ” refers to the upper arm, two structures