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脑膜炎球菌感染是一种发病率和病死率较高的传染病。在发达国家每年发病率为1～3/10万,发展中国家为10～25/10万。主要在3个月～1岁的婴幼儿中发生。该菌的9个血清群中以A、B和C群的流行最为常见。对当地人群的带菌状况、社会经济条件、机体免疫力以及流行菌株等危险因素进行流行病学监测虽属重要,但还必须了解疾病流行的诱发(始动)因素,才能采取有效的预防措施,控制疾病的发生和蔓延。在少儿中接种脂多糖结合疫苗对防止疾病流行,有良好作用。
Meningococcal infection is a contagious disease with a high morbidity and mortality. In developed countries, the annual incidence rate is 1 to 3 / 100,000 and in developing countries it is 10 to 25 / 100,000. Mainly in 3 months to 1 year old infants and young children occur. Of the 9 serogroups of this bacterium, the prevalence of A, B and C groups is the most common. It is important to carry out epidemiological surveillance on the risk factors such as infection status, socioeconomic conditions, immunity and epidemic strains of local people. However, it is also necessary to understand the induced (initiating) factors of the epidemic so that effective preventive measures can be taken, Control the occurrence and spread of disease. In children vaccinated with lipopolysaccharide vaccine to prevent the epidemic, have a good effect.