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目的了解重庆市渝中区教师人群高尿酸血症(HUA)的患病情况,探讨血尿酸与血压水平的关系。方法对2010、2012、2014年在重庆市人民医院健康管理(体检)中心进行健康体检的教师8354名体检报告结果进行调查分析。在研究血尿酸水平与血压的关系时,纳入体检指标完整、未服用药物的对象7120名;分析不同尿酸水平人群血压进展情况时,选择同时参加2010-2014年健康体检的同一人群1125人。结果 2010、2012、2014年重庆市渝中区教师人群HUA平均检出率为19.18%(1602/8354),男性HUA检出率(28.00%)高于女性(15.64%,P<0.01)。2014与2010年比较,女性HUA检出率上升趋势明显,增长幅度高于男性。将不同性别研究对象按尿酸四分位水平分组,男性尿酸最高四分位组收缩压和舒张压较最低四分位组增加[分别为(134.8±16.8)比(130.0±17.8),(83.4±10.6)比(79.6±9.9)mm Hg],患高血压的风险增加至2.171倍;女性尿酸最高四分位组收缩压和舒张压较最低四分位组增加[分别为(135.1±22.4)比(122.2±17.2),(78.6±10.6)比(74.6±9.3)mm Hg],患高血压的风险增加至1.351倍(均P<0.01)。随着尿酸水平增高,正常高值血压者进展为高血压的比例增加(P<0.05)。结论重庆市渝中区教师人群中HUA的检出率呈上升趋势,高尿酸水平与血压水平相关。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) among teachers in Yuzhong District of Chongqing and to explore the relationship between serum uric acid and blood pressure. Methods The survey results of 8,354 medical examinations conducted in 2010, 2012 and 2014 at the Health Management (Physical Examination) Center of Chongqing People’s Hospital were analyzed. To study the relationship between serum uric acid level and blood pressure, 7120 subjects with complete physical examination without medication were included. To analyze the blood pressure in different levels of uric acid, 1125 people in the same population participating in the 2010-2014 physical examination were selected. Results The average detection rate of HUA in Yuzhong District was 19.18% (1602/8354) in 2010, 2012 and 2014. The detection rate of HUA in male was higher than that in female (15.00%, P <0.01). Compared with 2010, the detection rate of HUA in women increased significantly in 2014, and the growth rate was higher than that of men. Subjects of different genders were grouped according to the level of uric acid quartile. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the highest quartile of male patients were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile [(134.8 ± 16.8) vs (130.0 ± 17.8) and (83.4 ± 10.6 vs 79.6 ± 9.9 mm Hg], and the risk of developing hypertension was increased to 2.171 times. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the women with the highest uric acid level were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile [(135.1 ± 22.4) vs (122.2 ± 17.2), (78.6 ± 10.6) and (74.6 ± 9.3) mm Hg, respectively. The risk of hypertension increased to 1.351 times (all P <0.01). With the increase of uric acid level, the rate of progression to hypertension in normal high blood pressure increased (P <0.05). Conclusions The detection rate of HUA among teachers in Yuzhong District of Chongqing City is on the rise. The level of high uric acid is correlated with the blood pressure level.