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成年个体的骨髓中包含一种前体细胞,它能迁移至外周血并分化为成熟血管内皮细胞,故称为血管内皮祖细胞(EPCs)。EPCs具有良好的增殖潜能,并参与血管内皮修复、缺血器官以及肿瘤组织的新血管形成。脑梗死发生后,在缺血部位存在着新血管形成,此过程同样存在着EPCs的参与。血液循环中EPCs数量或质量下降是中风发生的重要原因之一,而脑缺血后神经功能的恢复与缺血部位新血管的形成密切相关。因此,EPCs的研究对于脑缺血的治疗打开一扇新奇之门。本文就血管内皮祖细胞的生物学特性、生理及病理学意义以及在脑缺血治疗中的作用作一综述。
The bone marrow of an adult individual contains a precursor cell that migrates to the peripheral blood and differentiates into mature vascular endothelial cells and is therefore known as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). EPCs have good proliferative potential and are involved in the repair of vascular endothelium, ischemic organs and neovascularization of tumor tissue. After the onset of cerebral infarction, there is neovascularization at the ischemic site, and EPCs are also involved in this process. The number or quality of EPCs in the blood circulation is one of the important causes of stroke, and the recovery of neurological function after cerebral ischemia is closely related to the formation of new blood vessels in the ischemic area. Therefore, EPCs research opens a novel door to the treatment of cerebral ischemia. This review summarizes the biological characteristics, physiological and pathological significance of endothelial progenitor cells and their roles in the treatment of cerebral ischemia.