我国提出构建和谐社会,是中国福利思想的一次历史性的科学总结。从西方国家的经验教训中我们可以知道,福利制度是把双刃剑,科学的福利模式有助于缩小贫富差距,促进社会公平,不合理的福利模式会对经济及社会产生消极影响,而福利模式的核心就是政府在其中的定位及作用机制。本文深入探讨了我国政府在福利制度改革中的定位和具体职责,分析了政府和市场应扮演的不同角色,同时对社会福利的多元化、社会化发展提出了对策建议。 Our country proposes that building a harmonious society is a historic scientific conclusion of China’s welfare thought. From the experience and lessons of Western countries, we can see that the welfare system is a double-edged sword. The scientific welfare model helps narrow the gap between the rich and the poor and promote social fairness. The irrational welfare model will have a negative impact on the economy and society. Welfare model is the core of the government in which the positioning and mechanism. This article explores the positioning and specific duties of our government in the reform of the welfare system, analyzes the different roles that the government and the market should play, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the diversification and socialization of social welfare.