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到2030年,中国需要将4～5亿农民工市民化。在现有经济发展条件下,新生代农民工市民化需要依赖农民工人力资本、物质资本和社会资本积累,内在地提升市民化能力;政府提供制度保障和政策激励影响农民工市民化能力提升。中国应该走内生主导外生推动的市民化道路。基于各省差异化进城农民工比率的实证结果显示,城市政府承担的教育支出、社会保障与就业支出、医疗卫生支出、一般公共服务支出和住房保障支出5项市民化成本占本省一般预算支出比率平均为2.7%,城市政府具有市民化的财政能力可行性。
By 2030, China needs 400 to 500 million migrant workers to be citizens. Under the existing conditions of economic development, the urbanization of the new generation of migrant workers needs to rely on the accumulation of migrant workers ’human capital, material capital and social capital, and inherently enhance the citizen’s ability. The government provides institutional guarantee and policy incentives to enhance the migrant workers’ citizen ability. China should follow the path of urbanization led by endogenous students. The empirical results based on the differentiated rates of migrant workers entering cities show that the five municipalized costs of education, social security and employment, medical and health services, public services and housing security in urban areas account for 5% of the city’s general budget expenditure ratio An average of 2.7%, the city government has the financial viability of the city.