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我国2012年《刑事诉讼法》中正式确立了违法所得没收程序。与国外的特别没收程序相比,我国违法所得没收程序涉案财产的范围并不明确,应当进一步借鉴国际公约和相关国家的立法经验,将违法所得范围限定为替代收益、混合收益和利益收益;违法所得没收程序是对物诉讼,其证明标准应当适当低于刑事定罪的标准;加强国际合作,有效实现对转移到境外资产的没收与追回工作,同时应当建立起对外国犯罪人收益的没收程序。
China’s “Criminal Procedure Law” in 2012 formally established the procedures for forfeiture of illegal income. Compared with special overseas forfeiture procedures, the scope of confiscation proceedings for illegal gains in China is not clear. We should draw lessons from the international conventions and relevant countries’ legislative experience to limit the scope of illegal gains to alternative benefits, mixed incomes and profit gains. The resulting confiscation procedure is an action lawsuit, the proof standard of which should be appropriately lower than the standard of criminalization; strengthen international cooperation to effectively confiscate and recover assets transferred to overseas assets, and at the same time establish a procedure for confiscation of the proceeds of foreign offenders .