抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1(PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员,通过启动转录 Antigen variation can make a variety of pathogenic microorganisms easy to evade the host immune response. Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte surface protein 1 (PfPMP1) expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes interacts with single or multiple receptors that infect erythrocytes, endothelial cells, dendritic cells and the placenta, playing a key role in adhesion and immune evasion. Each haploid genome encodes about 60 members of the var gene family that initiate transcription