荀子从“人性恶”假说出发 ,提出了一个经济学的基本矛盾命题 :“欲多物寡” ,并提倡“节欲”说和“足国之道”予以解决。其“节欲”说认为 :以师法教化、礼义、法度等措施 ,可以制导人类欲求 ;其“足国之道”指出 :通过发展生产、增加社会财富等政策措施 ,可以增加物资产品供给。“节欲”说与“足国之道” ,相辅相成 ,互相作用 ,从而达到调整“欲多物寡”矛盾的目的 Starting from the hypothesis of “human evil,” Xunzi proposed a proposition of fundamental contradiction in economics: “to be rich and small” and to advocate “abstinence” and “sufficient nationhood” to be resolved. Its “abstinence” theory holds that the practice of human rights can be guided by such measures as enlightenment by teachers and law, righteousness and law, and the like. The “road to sufficient nations” states that policies and measures such as developing production and increasing social wealth can increase supplies of goods and materials. The “abstinence” theory and “the road to sufficient nations” complement and interact with each other, so as to achieve the goal of adjusting the contradiction between “wanting more and more”