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天基空间目标监视系统是进行空间目标监视与跟踪的重要发展方向,通过对美国即将运行的空间目标监视跟踪系统(SBSS)的分析,按照其设计思想和运行环境,仿真实现了SBSS对空间目标的定轨功能。设计了SBSS系统覆盖区域的简易算法,可以快速准确判断目标的可观测区域,为星座设计提供必要的支持。针对星上计算机能力有限的特点,提出了基于拉格朗日5点法求状态转移矩阵的定轨算法。仿真试验证明,SBSS系统对空间目标的覆盖区域比地基监视系统显著增加,同时,改进的定轨算法可显著缩短定轨时间、提高定轨精度,其中低轨道空间目标定轨误差10米,高轨道空间目标定轨误差500米左右。
Space-based space object monitoring system is an important direction for space object monitoring and tracking. Based on the analysis of SBSS in the United States, according to its design idea and operating environment, space-based target monitoring system Orbit function. A simple algorithm is designed to cover the coverage area of SBSS system, which can quickly and accurately determine the observable area of the target and provide the necessary support for the constellation design. Aiming at the limited computer capability of satellite, an orbit determination algorithm based on Lagrange’s 5-point method for state transition matrix is proposed. The simulation results show that the coverage area of SBSS system is more than that of ground-based monitoring system. At the same time, the improved orbit determination algorithm can significantly shorten the orbit determination time and improve the orbit accuracy. The orbit error of the low orbit space target is 10 meters, Orbit space goal orbit error of about 500 meters.