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目的检测和评估某新型制造企业中手传振动水平,初步探讨手传振动作业工人手臂损伤症状的影响因素。方法以某企业振动作业工人为研究对象,现场检测振动暴露水平,并问卷调查工人一般情况和手臂症状,测定冷水复温率;分析高血压、高血压家族史及体质指数与冷水复温率和手臂症状的关联。结果所测振动水平4 h等能量频率计权加速度值A(4)为4.28~15.09(7.97±3.04)m/s2;81.3%的工人自述有手臂症状;77.5%的工人冷水复温率异常。高血压、高血压家族史和体质指数≥28与冷水复温率关联的比值比(OR)及95%可信区间(95%CI)在校正年龄、吸烟和饮酒后分别为1.12(0.60~5.79)、0.84(0.20~3.10)和0.64(0.36~3.56);高血压、高血压家族史和体质指数≥28与工人手臂自觉症状关联的OR值及95%CI在校正年龄、吸烟和饮酒后分别为1.80(0.86~7.19)、1.02(0.77~4.81)和0.75(0.68~5.27)。结论该新型制造企业中手传振动危害严重。尚未发现高血压、高血压家族史和高体质指数与工人手臂损伤有明显关联。
Objective To detect and evaluate the manual vibration level in a new manufacturing enterprise and to explore the influencing factors of the arm injury symptoms of hand vibration workers. Methods The vibration workers in a certain enterprise were taken as research objects. The level of vibration exposure was detected on the spot. The general situation of workers and symptoms of the arm were surveyed. The rewarming rate of cold water was measured. The relationship between hypertension, family history of hypertension and body temperature, Correlation of arm symptoms. Results The vibrational energy level weighted acceleration value A (4) was 4.28 ~ 15.09 (7.97 ± 3.04) m / s2 for 4 h; 81.3% of the workers reported having arm symptoms; 77.5% of the workers had abnormal cold water rewarming rate. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for hypertension, family history of hypertension and body mass index≥28 correlated with cold water rewarming rate were 1.12 (0.60 ~ 5.79 ), 0.84 (0.20-3.10) and 0.64 (0.36-3.56). The OR and 95% CI of the family history of hypertension, family history of hypertension and body mass index≥28 correlated with worker’s arm symptom were respectively adjusted at age, smoking and drinking Were 1.80 (0.86 ~ 7.19), 1.02 (0.77 ~ 4.81) and 0.75 (0.68 ~ 5.27). Conclusion The hands-on vibration in this new manufacturing enterprise is seriously harmed. Hypertension, family history of hypertension and high body mass index have not been found to be significantly associated with worker arm injuries.