人体是一个统一的整体,在其生命活动中经常受到来自外界环境的各种损害作用,人体受外力打击后产生损伤,就是其中的一种损害作用。从损伤部位与受力点的关系来看,如损伤发生在直接打击的局部者为直接损伤,损伤在直接打击部位的远处即由传递外力或间接外力所致者为间接损伤。但是不论直接损伤或者是间接损伤都是人体对致伤性外力做出的整体反应。直接损伤诊断不难;而间接损伤因发生于非直接受力部位或当时症状不明显,故诊断有时较困难,甚至因误诊和漏诊而导致不良后果。所以在处理外伤实践中,运用唯物辩证的思维方法,从整体观点认 The human body is a unified whole. In the course of its life activities, it is often subjected to various kinds of damage from the external environment. It is one of the damaging effects that the human body damages after being hit by external forces. From the relationship between the site of injury and the point of force, if the damage occurs directly in the local part of the direct strike, the damage is directly caused by the external force or the indirect external force. But neither the direct injury nor the indirect injury is the overall response of the human body to the traumatic external force. Direct injury is not difficult to diagnose; indirect injury due to non-direct force in the site or the symptoms were not obvious, so the diagnosis is sometimes more difficult, and even misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis and lead to adverse consequences. So in dealing with traumatic practice, the use of materialist dialectical thinking, recognized from the overall point of view