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从思想史上看,无论是自由主义版本的终结论,还是马克思主义版本的终结论,其理论上都发源于黑格尔的历史终结论。主要是基于对现代化进程最终方向的争议,二者之间产生了激烈而持续的争论。从思想史的高度与历史哲学的深远感来看,关注哲学的马克思主义版本的终结论显然要更胜一筹。从科学研究的方法论上看,贝尔的《意识形态的终结》是以实证主义哲学作为自己的方法论基础。因此,尽管这本书提出了许多值得我们重视的思想,但从根本上说,把意识形态的问题排除在研究之外会导致历史(哲学)的没落和精神的衰竭。实际上,贝尔的论断也从反面提示我们一定要关注自身的意识形态研究与建设问题。
From a historical point of view, both the end of liberalism and the end of Marxism originated in Hegel’s theory of the end of history in theory. It is mainly based on the controversy over the final direction of the process of modernization, and there has been a fierce and ongoing debate between the two. From the height of the history of ideas and the profound sense of history philosophy, it is obvious that the conclusion of the Marxist version of philosophy should be superior. From the methodology of scientific research, Bell’s “end of ideology” takes positivist philosophy as its own methodological foundation. Therefore, although this book offers many ideas that deserve our attention, fundamentally speaking, excluding the issue of ideology from the study leads to the decline of history (philosophy) and the failure of spirit. In fact, Bell’s thesis also suggests from the opposite side that we must pay attention to our own ideological research and construction.