本文讨论了在红外和紫外光谱区测定材料折射率的三种相对法:V棱镜法、菲涅尔法和干涉法,及其测量原理、实验装置、测量方法及误差分析。与绝对法相比较,相对法具有测量方法简便、试样制备容易、对实验室环境要求不苛刻,无需进行温度压力校正等优点。 In this paper, three relative methods of measuring the refractive index of materials in the infrared and ultraviolet spectral regions are discussed: V-prism method, Fresnel method and interference method, their measuring principle, experimental apparatus, measurement methods and error analysis. Compared with the absolute method, the relative method with the measurement method is simple, easy preparation of the sample, the laboratory environment is not demanding, without the need for temperature and pressure correction and so on.