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目的了解2010-2014年成都市成华区大学生艾滋病及梅毒感染状况、艾滋病相关知识知晓率情况、艾滋相关行为状况,为进一步开展大学生艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法按照国家哨点监测方案的要求,选择3所高校,采用随机抽样的方法,2010-2014年每年对大学生进行问卷调查和血清学检测。数据采用Epidata3.0软件录入,使用SPSS19.0软件进行一般描述性分析和卡方检验。结果 2010-2014年共监测大学生2 018人,其中男性1 263人,女性755人,各年艾滋病知识知晓率在95%~100%范围变化,维持在较高水平,总体呈现上升趋势;但对“蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病吗?”的知晓率最低,2014年为历年最高,仅为73.5%。最近1年性行为坚持使用安全套的比例为52.6%。自愿接受艾滋病检测服务的比例平均为3.2%,HIV抗体的阳性检出率分别为0.5%、0.3%、0.3%、0.0%和0.0%。结论大学生已掌握一定程度的艾滋病相关知识,但对非传播途径认知程度还需提高,且部分学生仍有危险性行为,存在感染HIV的风险。应进一步针对性地开展艾滋病防治健康教育,广泛营造支持性环境,提高大学生艾滋病防治服务的参与度和持续性,有效地控制艾滋病在大学生中的感染和传播。
Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV / AIDS and syphilis among AIDS among college students in Chenghua District of Chengdu during 2010-2014, the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge and HIV-related behaviors among college students in Chengdu, and to provide basis for further AIDS prevention and control among college students. Methods According to the requirements of the national sentinel surveillance program, three colleges and universities were selected. Random sampling method was used to conduct questionnaires and serological tests on college students from 2010 to 2014 respectively. Data were entered using Epidata 3.0 software and SPSS 19.0 software was used for general descriptive analysis and chi-square test. Results A total of 2 018 undergraduates were monitored during 2010-2014, including 1 263 males and 755 females. The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge varied from 95% to 100% in each year, maintaining a relatively high level with an overall upward trend. However, “Mosquito bites will spread AIDS?” The lowest awareness, in 2014 the highest level in calendar year, only 73.5%. The proportion of condom users insisting on condom use in the past year was 52.6%. The average proportion of voluntary HIV testing services was 3.2%. The positive rates of HIV antibodies were 0.5%, 0.3%, 0.3%, 0.0% and 0.0% respectively. Conclusions Undergraduates have mastered a certain degree of HIV / AIDS related knowledge, but their cognition to non-transmission route needs to be improved. Some students still have dangerous behavior and risk of HIV infection. HIV / AIDS prevention and health education should be further targeted, a broad supportive environment should be established, the participation and sustainability of AIDS prevention and treatment services should be enhanced, and the infection and spread of AIDS among college students should be effectively controlled.