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目的探讨游泳对新生儿神经行为发育、社会适应行为及神经心理发育的影响。方法选择足月顺产第一胎新生儿400名,按是否游泳分为实验组和对照组各200名。通过新生儿神经行为发育、社会适应行为及神经心理发育的测定,比较2组间的差异。结果新生儿在生后第4、28天的比较中,新生儿神经行为评分(NBNA)实验组均高于对照组(P均<0.01),差异有非常显著性;新生儿在生后3个月的比较中,2组(高常+正常)与(边缘+轻度+中度)构成比间差异有显著性(P<0.05);无论是精神发育指数(MDI)还是心理运动发育指数(PDI)比较,实验组均高于对照组(P均<0.01)。结论游泳在新生儿神经行为发育、社会适应行为及神经心理发育等方面有积极的促进作用。
Objective To investigate the effect of swimming on the behavior development, social adaptation and neuropsychological development of newborn. Methods 400 full-term first-born newborn infants were randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to whether swimming or not. Neonatal behavioral development, social adaptation behavior and neuropsychological development were measured to compare the differences between the two groups. Results Neonatal neurological behavioral score (NBNA) in the experimental group were higher than the control group (P <0.01) at 4 and 28 days after birth, the difference was very significant; neonatal 3 (P <0.05). There was significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) in the monthly comparisons between the two groups (normal + normal) and the ratio of (marginal + mild + moderate); both the mental development index (MDI) and the psychomotor development index PDI), the experimental group were higher than the control group (all P <0.01). Conclusion Swimming plays an active role in promoting neurobehavioral development, social adaptation and neuropsychological development in neonates.