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初中《中国历史》正式本第一册,开头概述我国历史的第一页:祖国境内的原始人群。教材说:“我们伟大的祖国是人类文明的发源地之一。从远古时代起,中华民族的祖先,就劳动、斗争、生活在祖国的辽阔土地上。”这一段内容,涉及到人类起源的理论问题,在备课中要搞清楚三点: (一)关于人类起源的问题有一祖论(一元论)和多祖论(多元论)之争:一祖论认为全世界的人类起源于一种古猿,属于一个物种;多祖论认为全世界人种由各种不同的古猿,在各地同时或先后演化而来。近几十年来由于一系列猿类化石和古人类化石,特别是猎玛古猿化石的发现,以及解剖学、生理学、古地质学、古人类学、古脊椎动物学等学科的综合研究的结果,证明一祖论是正确的。(二)关于人类起源地点问题:
The first volume of junior high school “Chinese History” is the first book, which begins with an overview of the first page of our country’s history: the primitive population in the motherland. The textbook said: “Our great country is one of the birthplaces of human civilization. From an ancient era, the ancestors of the Chinese nation labored, struggled, and lived on the vast land of the motherland.” This paragraph relates to human origins. In theory, three points need to be made clear in preparation for lessons: (1) The issues concerning the origin of human beings include a ancestral theory (Monism) and a debate of the philosophical theory (Pluralism): An ancestral theory considers human beings from all over the world to have originated from ancient times. , belongs to a species; the theory of ancestral theorists believe that people from all over the world have evolved from different ancient ancestors simultaneously or successively. In recent decades, due to a series of fossils of fossil Aurora and fossils of ancient humans, especially the discovery of fossils of Huntsman, as well as the results of a comprehensive study of anatomy, physiology, paleogeology, paleoanthropology, paleovertebralology, and other disciplines. To prove that a ancestral theory is correct. (ii) Questions on the location of human origin: