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目的对某硫黄回收装置硫化氢泄漏事故进行模拟,并提出应急救援的措施建议。方法分析装置生产工艺,结合原辅材料、主要设备、职业卫生现场调查等资料,找出最有可能造成急性中毒的职业病危害因素及典型设备,假设事故场景,利用事故后果模拟软件对急性中毒事故扩散影响范围和毒物扩散浓度进行模拟。结果若硫黄回收装置酸性气分液罐发生硫化氢泄漏事故,ERPG-3和IDLH等值线位于下风向距离约60 m处;ERPG-2等值线位于下风向距离约148 m处;ERPG-1等值线位于下风向距离约5 980 m处。结论进行泄漏事故模拟能够较好地给出有毒云团影响程度和范围,对应急救援有一定的指导意义。
Objective To simulate the accident of hydrogen sulfide leakage in a sulfur recovery unit and to put forward some measures for emergency rescue. Methods The production process of the device was analyzed. Combining the data of raw and auxiliary materials, main equipment and occupational health field survey, the paper identified the occupational hazards which are most likely to cause acute poisoning and typical equipment. Assuming accident scenarios, the software of accident consequence simulation was used to analyze the acute poisoning accident The effects of diffusion and the concentration of poison diffusion were simulated. As a result, if the hydrogen sulfide leak occurred in the acid gas liquefaction tank of the sulfur recovery unit, the contour of ERPG-3 and IDLH was located at a distance of about 60 m in the downwind direction; the contour of ERPG-2 was located at a distance of about 148 m in the downwind direction; 1 is located at a distance of about 5 980 m downwind. Conclusions The simulation of spill accidents can give a good indication of the extent and extent of toxic cloud effects and provide some guidance for emergency rescue.