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在欧洲,人人享有卫生保健的理念已经纳入了各国政府经济社会发展的战略目标。2008年6月,WHO欧洲委员会部长级会议通过了“增加财富与促进健康的卫生系统——塔林宪章”(The Tallinn Charter:HealthSystems for Health and Wealth)的卫生改革战略性框架文件,提出了投资于健康就是投资于人类发展、社会和谐与财富增长的卫生发展战略,进一步强调卫生系统必须要满足日益增长的卫生保健需求与健康期望。围绕重组初级卫生保健服务体系,增加政府卫生投入,整合卫生服务资源与模式,提高卫生系统反应性,改善卫生服务质量,加强公共卫生、疾病预防和健康促进,建立基于问责机制的卫生系统绩效评估模式,加强卫生部门治理,以及实施卫生技术评估等问题,一些国家采取了一系列改革措施,完善卫生筹资机制,改革政府卫生投入方式,明确卫生改革优先领域等,促进了卫生服务供给模式转变与卫生服务绩效改善,这也为我国进一步深化医药卫生体制改革提供了许多借鉴。本期首先介绍《塔林宪章》的主要内容,今后将陆续推出关于欧洲卫生改革发展的文章,以供读者参考。
In Europe, the concept of health for all has been incorporated into the strategic objectives of the Governments’ economic and social development. In June 2008, at the ministerial meeting of the European Commission of WHO, the Strategic Framework Document on Health Care Reform adopted by the Health Promotion for Wealth and Health System - The Tallinn Charter: Health and Wealth Investing in health is a health development strategy that invests in human development, social harmony and wealth growth, further emphasizing the need for the health system to meet the growing health care needs and health expectations. Focus on reorganization of primary health care service system, increase government health investment, integrate health service resources and models, improve the health system responsiveness, improve the quality of health services, strengthen public health, disease prevention and health promotion and establish health system performance based on accountability mechanism Assessment models, strengthening the governance of the health sector, and implementing health technology assessments. Some countries adopted a series of reform measures to improve health financing mechanisms, reform government health input methods and clarify priority areas for health reform so as to promote the transformation of the mode of supply of health services And improving the performance of health services, which also provide many references for our country to further deepen the reform of the medical and health system. This issue firstly introduces the main contents of the “Tallinn Charter” and will launch articles on the development of European health reform in the future for readers’ reference.