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针对重庆市采矿权实地核查及储量动态检测的监督管理等方面,以实地核查及储量动态监测制度落实为主要依据,对监管机制现状和存在问题开展研究。重庆市2013年起各区县(自治县)逐步开展并落实采矿权实地核查及储量动态检测制度,在发现违法违规问题等方面取得重要成果。重庆市采矿权开采和管理主要涉及的监管主体包括重庆市国土资源和房屋管理局、重庆市安全生产监督管理局、重庆市煤矿安全监察局和重庆市煤炭工业管理局。采矿权实地核查及储量动态检测监管内容包括维护矿山开采安全、规范矿山开采秩序和保护地质环境,保障可持续发展。当前监管机制存在的问题包括3个方面:1)监管职能部门交叉;2)职责不够明确、矿山违法行为突出;3)预防、处罚机制不够健全、储量动态检测与储量管理未进行有效衔接。健全当前监管机制的相关对策主要为:1)明确实地核查及储量动态检测工作原则,确定各方职责;2)积极落实实地核查制度,加强矿山企业问题的发现和处理;3)建立动态检测数据库,将动态检测工作与储量管理有机衔接。
In view of the real-time verification of mining rights and the supervision and management of reserve reserves in Chongqing Municipality, the status quo and existing problems of the regulatory mechanism are studied on the basis of field verification and the implementation of dynamic reserve monitoring system. Since 2013, all districts and counties (autonomous counties) in Chongqing have gradually carried out and implemented the field verification of mining rights and the dynamic inspection system of reserves, and achieved important results in discovering the problems of violation of laws and regulations. Chongqing mining rights mining and management of the main regulatory bodies involved include Chongqing Municipal Land Resources and Housing Authority, Chongqing Municipality Safety Supervision and Administration, Chongqing Coal Mine Safety Supervision Bureau and Chongqing Coal Industry Authority. On-site verification of mining rights and dynamic monitoring of reserves include monitoring mine safety, regulating mining order and protecting the geological environment, and ensuring sustainable development. There are three problems in the current regulatory mechanism: 1) Cross-overs of regulatory functions; 2) Unclear responsibilities, prominent illegal activities in mines; 3) Imperfect mechanisms for prevention and punishment; no effective convergence between reserves dynamic testing and reserve management. Relevant countermeasures to improve the current regulatory mechanism are: 1) Clearly verify the principle of field verification and reserves dynamic detection to determine the responsibilities of all parties; 2) Actively implement the field verification system to strengthen the discovery and handling of mining enterprises; 3) Establish a dynamic detection database , The dynamic testing and organic management of reserves management.