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为防治棉铃虫,我国1997年开始种植Bt棉花,到2000年已在华北地区大面积商业化种植。由于人类对于大规模种植Bt植物对生态环境可能产生的潜在影响尚缺乏足够的经验和认识,Bt棉花对害虫地位演化的影响受到高度重视并引起广泛争议。本研究组在1997—2007年间在河北省系统研究了棉铃虫在Bt棉花田和常规棉花田的种群动态,结合华北地区1992—2006年100个试验点棉铃虫种群监测数据的模型分析表明:Bt棉花的大规模商业化种植破坏了棉铃虫在华北地区季节性多寄主转换的食物链,压缩了棉铃虫的生态位,不仅有效控制了棉铃虫对棉花的危害,而且高度抑制了棉铃虫在玉米、大豆、花生和蔬菜等其它作物田的发生与危害。这一研究成果明确了我国商业化种植Bt棉花对靶标害虫的生态效应,为阐明转基因抗虫作物对昆虫种群演化的调控机理提供了重要基础,对发展利用Bt植物可持续控制重大害虫区域性灾变的新技术有重要指导意义。
In order to prevent and control the cotton bollworm, Bt cotton began to be planted in China in 1997 and has been commercialized in large area in North China by 2000. Because of the human potential lack of sufficient experience and understanding of the potential impact of large-scale Bt plant on the ecological environment, the impact of Bt cotton on pest status evolution has been highly valued and widely debated. The team studied the population dynamics of cotton bollworm in Bt cotton field and conventional cotton field in Hebei province during 1997-2007. Based on the model analysis of the monitoring data of cotton bollworm population in 100 test sites in North China from 1992 to 2006, Large-scale commercial cotton planting destroyed the food chain of the cotton bollworm seasonal multi-host switch in North China and compressed the niche of cotton bollworm, which not only effectively controlled the harm of cotton bollworm to cotton, but also inhibited the cotton bollworm in corn, Soybean, peanuts and vegetables and other crop fields occur and hazards. The results of this study made it clear that the ecological effects of commercial Bt cotton cultivation on target pests in our country provide an important basis for elucidating the regulation mechanism of insect pests on transgenic insect-resistant crops. It is of great importance to the development and utilization of Bt plants to control the regional catastrophes of pests The new technology has important guiding significance.