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《名古屋议定书》是由《生物多样性公约》衍生出的一个关于生物遗传资源利用的约定,它的签署对遗传资源大国和利用遗传资源大国在资源利用所产生惠益的分配上将起到积极的指导和规范作用。文中从林木遗传资源的视角探讨了《名古屋议定书》将对国内资源获取的影响。我国林木遗传资源是按所有权属分部门管理,按经营方式有国有、集体和个人等形式。目前,国内还没有针对遗传资源获取与惠益分享的法律法规。议定书的签署将有助于促进我国林木遗传资源法律法规的制订与完善,促进林木遗传资源保护和获取更加规范,有效遏制林木遗传资源的非法流失,促进林业新品种培育与保护更加完善和增加林木遗传资源提供者的收入。中国是重要的林木遗传资源提供国,同时又是遗传资源使用国。但是,我国在生物技术和产业研发方面尚处于起步阶段,短时间内难以达到发达国家遗传资源保护与利用的水平,因此建议“适时核准”。
The Nagoya Protocol is a convention on the utilization of biological genetic resources derived from the Convention on Biological Diversity and its signature will be positive in the distribution of benefits arising from the utilization of resources by the major GRs and those using the GRs The guidance and normative role. In this paper, the impact of the Nagoya Protocol on access to domestic resources will be discussed from the perspective of forest genetic resources. China’s forest genetic resources are managed under the ownership of ownership, and are in the form of state-owned, collective and individual forms of operation. At present, there are no laws and regulations on access to genetic resources and benefits in China. The signing of the Protocol will help to promote the formulation and improvement of laws and regulations of forest genetic resources in our country, promote the protection of forest genetic resources and acquire more standardized and effective control of the illegal losses of forest genetic resources, improve the cultivation and protection of new forestry varieties and increase the proportion of trees Income of genetic resource providers. China is an important supplier of forest genetic resources and at the same time a country that uses genetic resources. However, China is still in its infancy in research and development of biotechnology and industry, and it is hard to reach the level of protection and utilization of genetic resources in developed countries within a short period of time. Therefore, it is suggested that “timely approval” should be adopted.