早期,海浪被抽象成一些简单的模式(如正弦波、有限振幅波等等),而加以研究,也得到了许多能近似符合实际的结果。但是,对真实海浪而言,其内部结构和外观特征都是复杂的,且都受着随机性的制约。因此,自五十年代初期开始,人们已广泛地使用随机函数(随机过程)来作为描述海浪的模式。当用随机函数这种模式研究海浪时,海浪谱是一种有效的工具,而如何获得海浪谱便构成海浪研究中重要的问题。海浪谱可以通过多种途径获 In the early days, the waves were abstracted into some simple patterns (such as sine waves, finite amplitude waves, etc.), and after studying them, many results were obtained which could be approximately realistic. However, for the real wave, its internal structure and appearance are complex and are subject to randomness. Therefore, since the early 1950s, random functions (random processes) have been widely used as models for describing waves. When using the stochastic function to study waves, the wave spectrum is an effective tool, and how to obtain the wave spectrum will constitute an important issue in the study of waves. Wave spectrum can be obtained through a variety of ways