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目的探索甘肃省大骨节病病区分布与生态环境的关系。方法收集甘肃省37个大骨节病病区县生态环境资料(平均海拔、温度、降雨量、蒸发量、无霜期、年日照时数、人口密度等),生产生活情况(近三年人均收入、近三年耕种情况、近三年主食比例、退耕还林情况、改种经济作物等)及大骨节病患病情况,依据有关资料与文献,结合地形地貌、气象气候与大骨节病分布,将甘肃省37个大骨节病区县按现行县级行政区划进行生态类型区归类,划分为4种生态类型区。结果甘肃省大骨节病分布在4个生态类型区的37个县381个乡4312个行政村,现症病人总数139125人,患病率1.22%,其中Ⅰ度患者87709人,占63.04%,Ⅱ度患者35717人,占25.67%,Ⅲ度患者15699人,占11.29%。病区平均海拔1846 m,平均温度8℃,平均降雨量567 mm,平均蒸发量1295 mm,无霜期157 d,年日照时数2191 h,人均年收入2226元,以小麦耕种为主。4个生态类型区患病率:陇东黄土高原沟壑区2.17%>陇南秦岭中山峡谷区0.84%>甘南高原草原草甸及移行山区0.62%>陇中黄土高原丘陵区0.36%,且差异有统计学意义(χ~2=55680.558,P=0.000)。结论不同生态类型区大骨节病患病不同,病区分布与生态环境关系密切。
Objective To explore the relationship between the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease in Gansu Province and its ecological environment. Methods The data of ecological environment (average altitude, temperature, rainfall, evaporation, frost-free period, annual sunshine hours, population density, etc.) of 37 Kashin-Beck disease areas in Gansu Province were collected and their production and living conditions Three-year farming situation, the proportion of staple food in the past three years, the situation of returning farmland to forestry, cash crops, etc.) and the prevalence of Kaschin-Beck disease. According to the relevant data and literature, combining the distribution of topography, meteorological climate and Kashin-Beck disease, The 37 Kashin-Beck disease wards in the province are classified according to the current county-level administrative divisions into four types of ecological zones. Results Kashin-Beck disease in Gansu Province was distributed in 4312 administrative villages in 381 townships and 371 counties in 4 ecotypes. The total number of affected patients was 139125, with a prevalence of 1.22%, of which 87,709 were Ⅰ degree patients (63.04%), Ⅱ Degree of patients 35,717 people, accounting for 25.67%, 15,699 Ⅲ degree patients, accounting for 11.29%. The average elevation of the ward is 1846 m, the average temperature is 8 ℃, the average rainfall is 567 mm, the average evaporation is 1295 mm, the frost-free period is 157 days and the annual sunshine duration is 2191 h. The per capita annual income is 2226 yuan, mainly wheat cultivation. The prevalence rates of the four ecotypes were 2.17% in Longdong Loess Plateau, 0.84% in Zhongshan Gorge area of Qinling Mountains in Longnan, 0.62% in Gannan Plateau steppe meadow and 0.36% in the hilly area of Longzhong loess plateau, with statistical differences Significance (χ ~ 2 = 55680.558, P = 0.000). Conclusions Kashin-Beck disease is different in different ecotypes, and the distribution of ward is closely related to the ecological environment.