目前大中型企业普遍面临着不同程度的困难和问题。主要原因一是企业管理体制、经营机制和思想观念不适应市场经济发展的要求；二是结构调整不适应市场需求的变化；三是国有企业，特别是老企业和老工业基地，历史包袱和社会负担沉重，富余人员多，限制了市场竞争能力。而且近两 At present, large and medium-sized enterprises are generally faced with varying degrees of difficulties and problems. One of the main reasons is that the enterprise management system, operating mechanism and ideology do not meet the requirements of market economy development; second, structural adjustment does not adapt to changes in market demand; and third, state-owned enterprises, especially old companies and old industrial bases, historical burden and society The burden is heavy and there are many surplus personnel, which limits the market competitiveness. And nearly two