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[目的]了解武汉地区城市居民异常心电图的分布情况,为今后防治心血管疾病提供科学依据。[方法]对11690例体检人群心电图检查结果进行统计,对不同年龄组异常心电图分布情况及心电图异常与性别、年龄的关系进行分类统计分析。[结果]正常心电图占61.8%,异常心电图占38.2%。异常心电图发生率依次为ST-T改变(12.4%)、窦性心律失常(12.2%)、传导阻滞(3.7%)、其他异常(3.6%)、左室高电压(2.2%)、异位心律失常(1.9%)、房室肥大(1.0%)、低电压(1.0%)、陈旧性心梗(0.2%)。经年龄组相关系数分析,房室肥大(r=0.890,P﹤0.05)、陈旧性心梗(r=0.913,P﹤0.05)、左室高电压(r=0.895,P﹤0.05)、低电压(r=0.931,P﹤0.05)、异位心律失常(r=0.939,P﹤0.05)、传导阻滞(r=0.948,P﹤0.05)年龄分布为正相关,故检出率随年龄增长而增加。ST—T改变,40岁以上年龄组明显高于39岁以下年龄组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=79.21,P﹤0.01)。异常心电图检出率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.76,P﹤0.01)。[结论]定期开展心电图检查,对早期发现各种心脏疾患有重要意义。
[Objective] To understand the distribution of abnormal ECG in urban residents in Wuhan and to provide a scientific basis for future prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. [Methods] The results of electrocardiogram (ECG) examination of 11,690 physical examination population were statistically analyzed. The distribution of abnormal ECG and the relationship between ECG abnormality and sex and age in different age groups were analyzed statistically. [Results] 61.8% of normal ECG and 38.2% of abnormal ECG. The incidences of abnormal ECG were ST-T changes (12.4%), sinus arrhythmia (12.2%), conduction block (3.7%), other abnormalities (3.6%), left ventricular hypertrophy (2.2% Arrhythmia (1.9%), atrioventricular hypertrophy (1.0%), low voltage (1.0%), and old myocardial infarction (0.2%). According to the age group, the incidence of atrioventricular hypertrophy (r = 0.890, P <0.05), old myocardial infarction (r = 0.913, (r = 0.931, P <0.05), ectopic arrhythmia (r = 0.939, P <0.05) and conduction block (r = 0.948, P <0.05) increase. ST-T changes, the age group over 40 years old was significantly higher than the age group under 39 years old, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 79.21, P <0.01). Abnormal ECG was higher in males than females, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 33.76, P <0.01). [Conclusion] Periodic ECG examination is of great significance to early detection of various heart diseases.