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血管内皮生长因子（ VEGF）信号轴在建立和维持肾小球滤过屏障中发挥不可或缺的作用。蛋白尿是VEGF信号通路抑制剂的常见不良反应之一，该类药物可引起肾小球足细胞和肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞损伤，甚至导致血栓性微血管病变。目前临床也缺乏针对性的治疗方案。本文就该类药物相关性蛋白尿的发生现状、发病的可能机制及治疗方法作一综述。“,”Vascular endothelial growth factor signalling pathway is indispensable for the normal development and maintenance of glomerular filtration barrier. Proteinuria is shared toxic effect among all the vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, which may result in podocyte cell injury, glomerular endothelial cell injury, even renal thrombotic microangiopathy. The mechanisms of proteinuria secondary to vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors were not well interpreted, and now no specific recommendation for antiprotein?uric agent can be available. We review the mechanisms, incidence and managements for proteinuria associated with vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors.