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利用68对SSR引物对91份粳稻品种进行了遗传多样性分析。研究结果共检测到293个等位基因,平均4.3个;平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.313,变动范围为0.022～0.825。RM333和RM206的等位基因数最多,分别为14、10;且PIC也最高,分别为0.825、0.805。聚类和群体差异分析结果表明,东北三省水稻品种的遗传基础狭窄。黑龙江省和吉林省、黑龙江省和日本、吉林省和日本的水稻品种间遗传距离都很小,分别为0.083、0.084、0.090,而辽宁省与吉林省、黑龙江省的水稻品种遗传基础有一些差异。9个地理来源的品种聚类结果,可分为5个大类群,黑龙江省、吉林省、日本和韩国形成第Ⅰ类群;北京和辽宁省归为第Ⅱ类群;中国台湾、云南省、美国分别为第Ⅲ、第Ⅳ和第Ⅴ类群。东北三省是重要的粳稻生产基地,但遗传基础非常狭窄,要克服遗传脆弱性应从地理位置较远的国家或地区收集更丰富的遗传资源。
The genetic diversity of 91 japonica rice cultivars was analyzed using 68 pairs of SSR primers. A total of 293 alleles were detected in the study, with an average of 4.3. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.313 and the range of variation was 0.022 ~ 0.825. The alleles of RM333 and RM206 were the highest, which were 14 and 10, respectively. The highest PIC was 0.825 and 0.805, respectively. The cluster analysis and population difference analysis showed that the genetic basis of rice varieties in the three northeast provinces was narrow. Heilongjiang and Jilin Province, Heilongjiang Province and Japan, Jilin Province and Japan, the genetic distance between rice varieties is very small, respectively, 0.083,0.084,0.090, Liaoning Province and Jilin Province, Heilongjiang Province, there are some differences in the genetic basis of rice varieties . The results of cluster analysis of nine geographic sources can be divided into five major groups, which form the first group in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Japan and South Korea; the second group in Beijing and Liaoning Provinces; the third group in Taiwan, Yunnan and the United States respectively For the third, fourth and fifth groups. Three northeastern provinces are important Japonica rice production bases, but the genetic basis is very narrow. To overcome genetic vulnerability, more genetic resources should be collected from geographically distant countries or regions.