液体在组织间隙中潴留称为水肿。当通过毛细血管的Starling力,使离开血管进入间质中的力量超过由淋巴回流时即可形成水肿。临床常见的全身性水肿如心性、肝性及肾性水肿,不仅涉及到血管内外交换平衡紊乱,也与细胞外液的容量调节障碍密切相关。在水肿形成中,间质液聚积常伴有细胞外液(ECF)容量扩张及总体钠潴留。因为钠占ECF溶质的90％以上,其平衡与调节主要靠肾,所以肾在肾病水肿钠潴留中起主要作用。目前虽对肾病水肿的研究已有大量文献,但 Fluid retention in the interstitial space called edema. When passing through the Capillary Starling Force, the force that leaves the blood vessel into the interstitium exceeds the re-flow from the lymphatic vessel to form an edema. Clinical common systemic edema such as heart, liver and renal edema, not only related to the imbalance of exchange of blood vessels inside and outside, but also with the capacity of extracellular fluid regulation disorders are closely related. In the formation of edema, interstitial fluid accumulation is often accompanied by extracellular fluid (ECF) volume expansion and total sodium retention. Because sodium accounts for more than 90% of the ECF solute, its balance and regulation rely mainly on the kidneys, so the kidneys play a major role in the nephrotic sodium retention. Although there is a large body of literature on the study of nephrotic edema,