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目的探讨静态平衡仪预测老年人跌倒风险的有效性。方法 2014年3月至2015年3月,便利抽样法选取上海市某三级甲等医院住院老年患者401例为研究对象,运用静态平衡仪(Tetrax)监测既往有跌倒史和无跌倒史两组老年人的跌倒风险是否有差异,随访患者1年并评价静态平衡仪用于预测老年人跌倒危险的有效性。结果平衡仪的3个指标中,跌倒指数(fall index,FI)受试者工作特征曲线下面积比为0.762,稳定性系数(stability index,SI)为0.720;体质量分布系数(weight distribution index,WDI)为0.524。根据Youden指数,FI对跌倒的预测值为41,敏感性为80.5%,特异性为60.2%;SI对跌倒的预测值为1.5~6,敏感性为72%,特异性为63.3%;WDI预测值为-1~3。结论静态平衡仪可以预测老年人的跌倒风险,而且3个参考指标中,FI的敏感性和特异性最好。
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of static balance in predicting the risk of falls in the elderly. Methods From March 2014 to March 2015, convenience sampling method was used to select 401 inpatients with senile dementia in a tertiary level hospital in Shanghai. The patients were monitored by Tetrax for history of fall and no fall Whether or not there is a difference in the risk of falls in the elderly, patients were followed up for 1 year and the effectiveness of the static balancer to predict the risk of falls in the elderly was assessed. Results In the three indicators of the balancer, the area ratio of the fall index (FI) under the working characteristic curve was 0.762 and the stability index (SI) was 0.720. The weight distribution index WDI) is 0.524. According to the Youden index, FI had a predicted 41% fall, a sensitivity of 80.5% and a specificity of 60.2%; SI predicted a fall of 1.5 to 6 with a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 63.3%; WDI predicts The value is -1 ~ 3. Conclusion The static balancer can predict the risk of falls in the elderly, and FI has the highest sensitivity and specificity among the three reference indicators.