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1974年日本宇宙开发事业团研制出一种N—Ⅰ型运载火箭。这是能发射130公斤同步卫星的三级火箭。1975年9月9日用N—Ⅰ成功地发射了一枚Ⅰ型(ETS-Ⅰ)「菊」技术试验卫星,至80年陆续发射了六枚卫星。其中,电离层观测卫星(ISS)「梅」,实验用同步通信卫星(ECS-b)「菖蒲2号」由于卫星的故障均未成功。还有实验用同步通信卫星(ECS)「菖蒲」号由于火箭的第3级与卫星分离机构的故障也未能达到预期的目的。1977年2月23日日本首次成功地发射了一枚同步卫星—技术实验卫星Ⅱ型(ETS-Ⅱ)「菊花2号」。
In 1974 Japan Space Development Corporation developed a N-Ⅰ carrier rocket. This is a three-stage rocket that can launch 130 kilos of synchronized satellites. On September 9, 1975, a Type I (ETS-I) “chrysanthemum” experimental satellite was successfully launched with N-I and six satellites were launched in 1980. Among them, both the ionospheric observation satellite (ISS) “Mei” and the experimental synchronization communication satellite (“Iris 2”) failed due to satellite failures. There is also the experimental “Synchronous Communication Satellite” (“Iris”) that failed to achieve its intended purpose due to the failure of the rocket’s Tier 3 and satellite separation facilities. February 23, 1977 Japan first successful launch of a synchronous satellite - Experimental Experimental Satellite Ⅱ (ETS-Ⅱ) “Chrysanthemum 2”.