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喜马拉雅山是地球上最高大与最年轻的山脉之一。自第三纪以来,随着海洋历史的完结和不断上升,自然环境发生了巨大变化,尤其第四纪时期,本区古气候的变化更为引人注目。地壳表层岩石在各地质历史时期和高山气候环境下,曾经受过种种不同程度的风化作用,与陆地表面物质重新分异和组合的同时,各种化学元素也相应地发生过迁移和富集。因此,作为特定气候产物的风化壳类型和地球化学内容都是富有特色的。
The Himalayas are one of the tallest and youngest in the world. Since the third century, the natural environment has undergone tremendous changes with the end and rising of marine history. Especially in the Quaternary period, the paleoclimate changes in this area have become more noticeable. The crustal surface rocks have been subjected to various degrees of weathering during the geological history and alpine climates. With the simultaneous re-differentiation and combination of land surface materials, various chemical elements have also been migrated and enriched correspondingly. Therefore, weathering crust types and geochemical contents as a specific climatic product are all distinctive.