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目的了解孕妇邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)代谢物的一般暴露情况及其影响因素。方法 2008年11月—2010年11月,以安徽省马鞍山市妇幼保健机构进行首次孕产期检查的1 492名妇女为研究对象,检测血清中PAEs代谢物浓度,评估其暴露特点及影响因素。结果邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(MEP)、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(MBP)和邻苯二甲酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(MEHP)的检出率分别为86.8%、99.8%和100%,相应的几何均数分别为0.22、5.56和5.77 ng/mL;二分类logistic回归分析显示,孕9~12周时MEP浓度较低(OR=0.65,95%CI=0.47~0.89),MBP和MEHP分别在孕9~12周(OR=0.70,95%CI=0.51~0.97;OR=0.44,95%CI=0.33~0.60)和孕≥13周时(OR=0.62,95%CI=0.45~0.86;OR=0.27,95%CI=0.19~0.37)浓度较低,教育程度本科及以上(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.12~2.31)和有流产史(OR=2.17,95%CI=1.04~4.52)孕妇MBP浓度较高,年龄≥30岁的孕妇MEHP浓度较高(OR=1.88,95%CI=1.23~2.87)。结论马鞍山市孕期妇女已经普遍暴露于PAEs代谢物,年龄、孕周、教育程度以及流产史与代谢物浓度相关。
Objective To understand the general exposure of metabolites of pregnant women phthalates (PAEs) and its influencing factors. Methods From November 2008 to November 2010, 1 492 women whose maternal and child health institutions conducted the first maternity test in Ma’anshan City, Anhui Province were selected as the research objects. The concentration of PAEs in serum was measured to assess their exposure characteristics and influencing factors. Results The detection rates of MEP, MBP and MEHP were 86.8%, 99.8% And 100% respectively. The corresponding geometric mean values were 0.22, 5.56 and 5.77 ng / mL, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that MEP concentration was lower at 9-12 weeks (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.47-0.89) (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.51-0.97; OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.33-0.60) and ≥13 weeks (OR = 0.62, 95% CI (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.12-2.31) and abortion history (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.45-0.86; OR = 0.27,95% CI = 0.19-0.37) CI = 1.04 ~ 4.52). Pregnant women with higher MBP concentrations had a higher MEHP concentration (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.23-2.87) in pregnant women ≥30 years of age. Conclusion Maternity pregnant women have been generally exposed to PAEs metabolites, age, gestational age, educational level and the history of abortion and the concentration of metabolites.