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目的为明确慈溪市麻疹流行特征,完善麻疹控制策略。方法麻疹监测和描述流行病学分析。结果全年共报告麻疹病例171例,血清学确诊165例,临床确诊6例,发病率为9.20/10万。慈溪市各乡镇均有病例分布。除11月和12月份无病例报告外,其他每月均有病例报告,2-4月高发。男女性别比1.48:1。外来农民工89例,占52.05%;本市人口82例,占发病总数的47.95%。本地人口发病主要集中于小于8月龄的婴儿(22例)及大于20岁的成人(36)例,各占本地人口发病人数的26.83%和43.90%。外来人口发病以1～7岁为主(37例),占外来人口发病数的41.57%,其中有免疫史仅6例。外来和本地人口发病率分别为10.9/10万和8.0/10万。171例病例无免疫史者102例,占59.65%。结论提高外来儿童的常规免疫接种率,及时对适龄儿童进行麻疹疫苗复种和查漏补种,并有计划地开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫,消除免疫空白,提高预防意识,是慈溪市控制麻疹的关键。如何调整8月龄前婴儿和成人的麻疹免疫策略是今后需探讨的问题。
The purpose is to clarify the epidemic characteristics of measles in Cixi and improve measles control strategy. Methods Measles surveillance and description Epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 171 measles cases were reported in the year, with serodiagnosis confirmed in 165 cases and clinically diagnosed in 6 cases, with a prevalence of 9.20 per 100,000. Cixi cities and towns have distribution of cases. In addition to no case reports in November and December, other cases are reported monthly, with high incidence in February-April. Male to female ratio of 1.48: 1. 89 cases of migrant workers, accounting for 52.05%; 82 population of the city, accounting for 47.95% of the total. The incidence of the local population mainly concentrated in infants (22 cases) less than 8 months old and adults (36 cases) older than 20 years old, accounting for 26.83% and 43.90% of the local population respectively. The incidence of migrant population mainly in 1 to 7 years old (37 cases), accounting for 41.57% of the number of migrant population, of which only 6 cases of immune history. The incidence of external and local population was 10.9 / 100,000 and 8.0 / 100,000 respectively. 171 cases without history of immunity in 102 cases, accounting for 59.65%. Conclusions improve routine immunization coverage of foreign children in time for school-age children against measles revaccination and leak replant, and there are plans to carry out measles supplementary immunization, the elimination of immunity gaps, raise awareness of prevention is the key to Cixi control measles. How to adjust the measles immunization strategy for infants and adults before the age of eight months is the issue to be explored in the future.