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汶川特大地震发生后,都江堰至汶川公路两侧地质灾害尤为发育,先后多次完全中断震中生命线的交通,严重影响了公路的安全运行和灾后重建的顺利进行。通过汶川地震前后都江堰-汶川公路边坡现场调查资料对比分析,研究了该地段边坡的主要地质灾害类型及其破坏模式、易发性分区和防治建议。研究表明破坏类型主要为碎屑流式、碎裂滑移崩塌,剪断-溃滑型、拉裂-溃滑型、顺层溃滑型滑坡和沟谷型泥石流。都汶公路两侧的边坡灾害以崩塌为主,滑坡、泥石流次之。地震使区内泥石流暴发的频率和规模增大,特大型泥石流主要发生在映秀-北川断裂带的地震烈度较高区域。防治此类地质灾害,应以治理为主,预防和避让相结合。
After the devastating Wenchuan earthquake, the geological disasters on both sides of Dujiangyan-Wenchuan Highway were particularly developed. The traffic on the lifeline of the epicenter was severed several times in succession, which has seriously affected the safe operation of the highway and the smooth progress of post-disaster reconstruction. By comparing the field survey data of Dujiangyan - Wenchuan highway slope before and after the Wenchuan earthquake, the paper studied the main geological disasters and the failure modes of the slopes in this section, the precocious zoning and prevention and control suggestions. The study shows that the main types of damage are debris flow, crushing and sliding collapse, shear-slip type, pull-slip-slip type, bedding slippery landslide and valley-type debris flow. Both sides of the Du Wen highway slope collapse to collapse, landslides, debris flow second. The frequency and magnitude of the debris flow outbreak in the area increased with the earthquake. The extra-large debris flow mainly occurred in the area with high seismic intensity of Yingxiu-Beichuan fault zone. Prevention and control of such geological disasters should be based on governance, prevention and avoidance combined.