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很久以前地震方法就成了普查勘探含油气构造最有效的方法。近十年来,它们还被用来发现油气藏。可能利用地震方法发现油气藏的想法,还是和在1959年提出的,他们在分析地震资料的基础上论证了记录来自水—油界面和水—气界面反射波的可能性。随后的野外地震调查成果提供了关于含油气层影响弹性波性质变化的定量评价。具体地说,曾经确定弹性波在含油气岩层中的传播速度几乎降低10%。在实践中,根据地震资料“直接”发现油气藏的想法在七十年代才付诸实现,这已是在找到了排除一系列干扰因素的方法之后的事了。在石油工业中,“亮点”方法得到了广泛应用,该方法是以含气层反射系数巨增效应为基础的。
Long ago the seismic method became the most effective method for the census exploration of petroleum-bearing structures. For nearly a decade they have also been used to discover oil and gas reservoirs. The idea of using seismic methods to discover reservoirs, or whether they were proposed in 1959, demonstrated the possibility of recording reflections from water-oil and water-gas interfaces based on seismic data. Subsequent field seismic surveys provide a quantitative assessment of the changes in the nature of the elastic waves affected by the reservoir. Specifically, it has been determined that the propagation velocity of elastic waves in oil-bearing rock formations has been reduced by almost 10%. In practice, the idea of “finding” a reservoir “directly” from seismic data did not materialize until the 1970s, after finding a way to eliminate a host of disturbing factors. In the oil industry, the “bright spot” method has been widely used, which is based on the gas-bed reflection coefficient effect of large increase.