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本文在考察减轻自然灾害历史的基础上,指出我国减灾工作经历的经验性减灾阶段长达几千年,至本世纪60至70年代.才逐步发展到了今天的半经验半理论减灾阶段.今后的发展是向系统工程理论指导下的综合减灾过渡.适应这种发展,需要把二、三十年前形成的“以预防为主,防、抗、救相结合”的减灾方针,适时调整为“以预防为主、防救结合、综合减灾”的新方针.在肯定我国四十多年来逐步形成和发展的纵向分散(部门型)减灾管理体制,主要依靠社会主义制度的优越性和党的领导取得巨大减灾成就的同时,提出必须改革现有减灾管理体制.制定国家综合减灾大法,以适应社会主义经济及社会发展对减灾工作的需求.
Based on the investigation of the history of mitigation of natural disasters, this paper points out that the experience-based disaster mitigation phase of disaster reduction in our country has been going on for thousands of years till the 1960s and 1970s, and has gradually developed to today’s semi-empirical stage of mitigation. The development is a comprehensive transition to disaster reduction under the guidance of systems engineering theory, and in order to adapt to this development, we need to timely adjust the disaster reduction guideline of “prevention first, combination of prevention, resistance and rescue” formed two or three decades ago to “ Prevention and rescue combined with comprehensive disaster reduction. ”In affirming China’s vertically-dispersed (departmental) disaster reduction management system that has been gradually formed and developed in more than 40 years, we mainly rely on the superiority of the socialist system and the party’s While making great achievements in disaster reduction, leaders proposed that the current disaster reduction management system must be reformed and that the comprehensive national disaster reduction law be drafted to meet the needs of disaster reduction in socialist economic and social development.