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薄储层预测精度是目前制约油气勘探开发的热点问题。要实现薄层精确预测,关键在于如何井震结合、拓宽频带,获得合理的高频成分。传统的反演技术主要通过确定性或随机性模拟建立宽频模型,其高频成分主要来自于井,没有体现地震的横向约束,提高垂向分辨率的同时,降低了储层横向识别能力。地震波形指示反演技术充分利用地震波形的横向变化信息,代替传统变差函数进行高频成分的模拟,对井的分布要求低,比传统随机反演方法确定性更强。而且高频结构受波形变化控制,更好地体现了沉积环境的约束。在提高垂向分辨率的同时,横向预测性得到有效保证。利用地震波形指示反演技术在准噶尔盆地B地区薄层砂岩气藏中进行储层预测,取得了较好的效果,为钻探目标的评价—开发阶段提供了可靠的资料基础。
The prediction accuracy of thin reservoirs is a hot issue restricting oil and gas exploration and development at present. The key to accurate thin layer prediction is how to combine well-vibration, widen the frequency band and obtain reasonable high-frequency components. The traditional inversion technique mainly establishes the broadband model by deterministic or random simulation. The high-frequency components mainly come from the well, which does not reflect the lateral constraint of the earthquake and enhances the vertical resolution. Meanwhile, it reduces the lateral recognition ability of the reservoir. The seismic waveform indication inversion technique makes full use of the lateral variation of seismic waveforms instead of the traditional variation function to simulate high-frequency components, has low requirement on well distribution and is more certain than the traditional stochastic inversion method. Moreover, the high-frequency structure is controlled by the waveform changes, which better reflects the constraints of the depositional environment. While improving vertical resolution, lateral predictability is effectively guaranteed. The seismic waveform inversion technique is used to predict the reservoir in the thin sandstone gas reservoir in B area, Junggar Basin, and the good results are achieved. This provides a reliable data foundation for the evaluation-development stage of drilling targets.