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目的通过测定鼻咽癌组织中p16蛋白的表达情况,探讨p16基因与鼻咽癌临床生物学行为的关系。方法应用S-P免疫组化技术,检测90例鼻咽癌组织中p16蛋白的表达情况,以慢性鼻咽粘膜炎症标本80份作为对照,检测结果进行统计学检验分析。结果①鼻咽癌p16蛋白表达阴性率为75.56%,鼻咽炎症为16.25%,两者差异有高度显著性(P<0.01)。②高分化鳞癌的P16蛋白阴性表达率为34.78%,低分化鳞癌为88.68%,未分化癌为92.86%,提示p16基因的缺失可能与鼻咽癌的分化程度有关(χ2=20.88,P<0.01)。③颈淋巴结转移阳性(N+)者p16蛋白阴性表达率为92.06%,颈淋巴结转移阴性(N0)者为37.03%,p16蛋白表达与颈淋巴结转移情况呈负相关(r=-0.59,P<0.01)。结论抑癌基因p16失活或p16蛋白低表达可能与鼻咽癌的发生、癌细胞的分化程度及颈淋巴结转移有关,而与鼻咽癌原发灶大小无关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between p16 gene and clinical biological behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by measuring the expression of p16 protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods S-P immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of p16 protein in 90 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 80 cases of chronic nasopharyngeal mucosal inflammation were used as control, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results ① The negative rate of p16 protein expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 75.56% and that of nasopharyngeal inflammation was 16.25%. There was a significant difference between them (P <0.01). ② The positive expression rate of P16 protein was 34.78% in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 88.68% in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and 92.86% in undifferentiated carcinoma, suggesting that the loss of p16 gene may be related to the degree of differentiation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (χ2 = 20.88, P <0.01). (3) The negative expression rate of p16 protein was 92.06% in cervical lymph node metastasis (N +), 37.03% in negative cervical lymph node metastasis (N0), and negative correlation was found between p16 protein expression and cervical lymph node metastasis (r = -0.59, P <0.01) ). Conclusion The inactivation of p16 gene or the low expression of p16 protein may be related to the occurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the differentiation of cancer cells and the metastasis of cervical lymph nodes, but not to the size of primary tumor of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.