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利用自制的定向凝固设备,制备了定向凝固纯铝试棒,研究了制备工艺参数对纯铝宏观组织及综合性能的影响。结果表明,拉晶温度越高,晶粒的数目越少,晶粒的尺寸越大;拉晶速率越快,晶粒的数目越多,晶粒的尺寸越小。制备工艺对纯铝试棒的导电性有较大影响,普通铸造多晶试棒的电阻率最大,导电性最差,定向凝固可以提高铝棒的导电性能,但其强度有所降低。
The self-made directional solidification equipment was used to prepare the directional solidification pure aluminum test rods. The effects of the preparation parameters on the microstructure and properties of pure aluminum were studied. The results show that the higher the crystal pulling temperature is, the smaller the number of the crystal grains is, the larger the grain size is. The faster the crystal pulling rate is, the more the number of crystal grains is and the smaller the grain size is. The preparation process has a great influence on the electrical conductivity of pure aluminum test bars. The ordinary cast polycrystalline test bars have the highest electrical resistivity and the worst electrical conductivity. Directional solidification can improve the electrical conductivity of aluminum bars, but the strength is reduced.