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一、关于反馈概念的一般描述事物之间都是互相联系的,任何结果都有原因,任何原因也都有结果。 (图一)原因→对系统S的作用→结果但是,实际事物却比这种直线式因果序列的过程要复杂得多。因果关系是辩证的,它们不断地互相作用着。恩格斯指出:“原因和结果这两个观念,只有在应用于个别场合时才有其本来的意义;可是只要我们把这种个别场合放在它和世界整体的总联系中来考察,这两个观念就汇合在一起,融化在普遍相互作用的观念中,在这种相互作用中,原因和结果经常交
First, a general description of the concept of feedback between things are interrelated, any result has a reason, for any reason also has the result. (Figure 1) Cause → Effect on System S → Results However, the reality is much more complex than the process of this straight-line causal sequence. Causality is dialectical, and they constantly interact with each other. Engels pointed out: "The two concepts of cause and consequence have their original meaning only when applied to individual occasions; but as long as we examine this individual occasion in its general connection with the world as a whole, Conceptions converge and melt into universally interacting beliefs in which the causes and consequences are often met